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Special Report to Parliament

Freedom of Expression
and Freedom from Hate
in the
Internet Age

This report is also available in .pdf format

News Release

Table of Contents

Executive Summary
Introduction

Part I: Freedom of Expression and freedom from Hate

A Matrix of Rights
The Power of Words
Equality
International Law

Part II: The Criminal code and the Canadian Human Rights Act

The Criminal Code
CHRA Section 13
Section 13 Jurisprudence
Criminal Code Jurisprudence

Part III: How the Current System Works

Process under the CHRA

Role of the Canadian Human Rights Commission
Role of the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal
Safeguards to Ensure Fairness in Decision Making of the Commission and the Tribunal
Section 13 Case Data
Remedies Awarded by the Tribunal

Process under the Criminal Code
Differences between the Criminal Code and the CHRA
The Canadian Model

Part IV: Hate on the Internet
Part V: The Way Forward

Recommended Changes to Section 13
Observations Regarding the Criminal Code

Part VI: Role of Civil Society and Government

Press Councils
Broadcasting
Internet Service Providers
National Strategy Against Racism
Strategy to Promote Safe, Wise and Responsible Internet Use

Conclusion

Annex A: Moon Report
Annex B: Criminal Code Provisions Dealing with Hate
Annex C: Excerpts from Tribunal Decisions

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